Cataract

 Cataract 

A cataract is a clouding of the natural lens in the eye, which leads to a gradual decrease in vision. It is one of the most common causes of vision loss, especially in older adults.


Causes:


  • Aging (most common)


  • Diabetes


  • Eye injury or surgery


  • Long-term use of steroids


  • Exposure to UV rays


  • Smoking and alcohol use.


Symptoms:

  • Blurry or cloudy vision

  • Sensitivity to light and glare

  • Poor night vision

  • Fading or yellowing of colors

  • Double vision in one eye

  • Frequent changes in eyeglass prescription


Types of Cataracts:


1. Nuclear cataract – Affects the center of the lens.


2. Cortical cataract – Affects the edges of the lens.


3. Posterior subcapsular cataract – Affects the back of the lens.


4. Congenital cataract – Present at birth or develops during childhood.


Diagnosis:

  • Eye examination with slit-lamp

  • Visual acuity test

  • Dilated eye exam


Treatment:

  • In early stages, glasses or brighter lighting may help.

  • Definitive treatment is cataract surgery, where the cloudy lens is replaced with a clear artificial intraocular lens (IOL).


Prevention Tips:


  • Wear sunglasses with UV protection


  • Control diabetes


  • Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol


  • Eat a healthy diet rich in antioxidants


  • Get regular eye check-ups, especially after age 40



For further process click https://medorbis.ai

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