Corneal Diseases


🔹 Corneal Diseases 


1. Corneal Ulcer (Keratitis)







Cause: Infection (bacterial, viral, fungal), injury, contact lens misuse


Symptoms: Eye redness, pain, blurred vision, tearing, white spot on cornea


Urgency: Medical emergency — can cause vision loss if untreated


2. Dry Eye Disease






Cause: Reduced tear production or poor tear quality


Symptoms: Burning, grittiness, blurred vision, discomfort


Common in: Elderly, screen users, post-menopausal women


3. Keratoconus



Cause: Cornea thins and bulges into a cone shape


Symptoms: Blurred vision, sensitivity to light, frequent power changes


Treatment: Glasses, contact lenses, corneal cross-linking, corneal transplant (in severe cases)


4. Corneal Dystrophies


Definition: Genetic disorders causing cloudy buildup in the cornea


Examples: Fuchs’ dystrophy, Lattice dystrophy


Symptoms: Blurred vision, glare, discomfort

Often bilateral and progressive


5. Corneal Abrasion


Cause: Scratch or trauma to corneal surface


Symptoms: Sharp pain, tearing, foreign body sensation

Heals fast, but needs antibiotic drops to prevent infection


6. Corneal Edema


Cause: Fluid buildup due to endothelial dysfunction (e.g., after surgery or trauma)


Symptoms: Blurry vision, halos around lights, eye discomfort


Seen in: Fuchs' dystrophy, post-cataract surgery


7. Pterygium





Definition: Non-cancerous growth from conjunctiva onto cornea


Cause: UV exposure, dust, wind


Symptoms: Redness, irritation, foreign body sensation


Surgery may be needed if vision is affected


8. Herpes Simplex Keratitis


Figure . The initial slit lamp examination of the patient 1. (a) Corneal epithelial dendrite from herpes simplex keratitis on 5th postoperative day, before treatment; (b) Herpes simplex keratitis seen with fluorescein staining and a cobalt blue light.

Cause: Herpes simplex virus


Symptoms: Pain, redness, watery eye, decreased vision

Recurrent infections can scar the cornea


For further process click https://medorbis.ai

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

MYOPIA

What is Myopia? Myopia (commonly called nearsightedness) is a vision condition where a person can see nearby objects clearly but distant objects appear blurry. What Causes Myopia? It usually occurs when: The eyeball is too long from front to back. The cornea (the clear front surface of the eye) is too curved. As a result, light rays focus in front of the retina, instead of directly on it. Symptoms of Myopia: Blurred vision when looking at distant objects. Squinting to see clearly. Eye strain or headaches (especially after focusing on distant objects). Difficulty seeing while driving, especially at night (night myopia). Risk Factors: Genetics : If one or both parents are myopic, the risk increases. Excessive near work : Prolonged reading, computer, or phone use. Lack of outdoor time: Spending less time in natural light, especially in childhood. Treatment and Management Corrective Lenses: Eyeglasses or contact lenses with minus (–) power lenses. Refractive Surgery: LASIK, PRK, SMILE – re...
Read more

Important of colour check

  Why is it important to check colour vision? Checking colour vision is important for several reasons: 1. Early Detection of Vision Disorders It helps detect congenital colour blindness, especially in children. Can also reveal acquired conditions due to eye diseases (e.g., glaucoma, optic neuritis). 2. Career Requirement Certain professions require normal colour vision, such as: Pilots Electricians Military personnel Police officers Graphic designers Drivers Railway and maritime workers 3. Safety and Daily Functioning Correct colour recognition is vital for identifying traffic lights, warning signs, and colour-coded materials. Difficulty distinguishing colours can impact school performance, cooking, clothing choices, and reading charts or graphs. 4. Monitoring Disease Progression Colour vision testing helps track changes in patients with: Diabetic retinopathy Multiple sclerosis Macular degeneration Medication side effects (e.g., ethambutol) 5. Educational Guidance In children, dete...
Read more