Functions of the Eye

 👁️ Functions of the Eye


The primary function of the eye is vision — to receive light, convert it into neural signals, and send those signals to the brain to form images.


Here are the main functions of the eye, explained step-by-step:


🔅 1. Light Entry and Regulation


Cornea and Pupil control and direct light into the eye.

The iris adjusts the size of the pupil depending on light intensity (bright light = small pupil, dim light = large pupil).


🔍 2. Focusing Light


The lens changes shape (accommodation) to focus light on the retina.


The cornea also contributes significantly to focusing.


🌈 3. Image Formation


The retina (specifically photoreceptor cells called rods and cones) detects light and color.


Rods: Help in low light and black-and-white vision.


Cones: Detect color and work in bright light.


🧠 4. Signal Transmission to the Brain


The retina converts light into electrical impulses.


These impulses are sent to the brain via the optic nerve.


The brain (especially the visual cortex in the occipital lobe) processes these signals into a clear image.


🕶️ 5. Protection


The eyelids, eyelashes, and tears protect the eye from dust, injury, and infection.


Blinking helps moisten the eye and remove debris.


✅ Summary of Eye Functions:


Function Structure Involved


Light entry- Cornea, Pupil

Light focus- Cornea, Lens

Light detection- Retina (Rods and Cones)

Image processing  -  Optic nerve, Brain

Eye protection -  Eyelids, Tears, Sclera


For further process click https://medorbis.ai


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