Refractive Error

 Refractive Error




Refractive error is a common vision problem that occurs when the eye cannot focus light accurately onto the retina, resulting in blurred vision. This happens due to the shape of the eye or problems with the eye’s focusing power.


Types of Refractive Errors



1. Myopia (Nearsightedness) – Clear vision for near objects, but distant objects appear blurred.


2. Hyperopia (Farsightedness) – Clear vision for distant objects, but near objects appear blurred.


3. Astigmatism – Blurred or distorted vision at all distances due to irregular curvature of the cornea or lens.


4. Presbyopia – Age-related loss of near focusing ability, usually after age 40, due to reduced flexibility of the lens.


Causes

  • Abnormal shape of the eyeball (too long or too short)

  • Irregular corneal curvature

  • Aging changes in the lens

  • Genetic factors

Symptoms

  • Blurred vision

  • Eye strain

  • Headaches

  • Difficulty reading or seeing clearly at certain distances

  • Squinting


Diagnosis

  • Comprehensive eye examination

  • Visual acuity test

  • Refraction test


Treatment

  • Eyeglasses – Most common and simplest correction method

  • Contact lenses – Provide a wider field of vision

  • Refractive surgery – Such as LASIK, PRK, or SMILE to reshape the cornea

  • Orthokeratology – Special lenses worn overnight to temporarily reshape the cornea


For further process click https://medorbis.ai

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

MYOPIA

What is Myopia? Myopia (commonly called nearsightedness) is a vision condition where a person can see nearby objects clearly but distant objects appear blurry. What Causes Myopia? It usually occurs when: The eyeball is too long from front to back. The cornea (the clear front surface of the eye) is too curved. As a result, light rays focus in front of the retina, instead of directly on it. Symptoms of Myopia: Blurred vision when looking at distant objects. Squinting to see clearly. Eye strain or headaches (especially after focusing on distant objects). Difficulty seeing while driving, especially at night (night myopia). Risk Factors: Genetics : If one or both parents are myopic, the risk increases. Excessive near work : Prolonged reading, computer, or phone use. Lack of outdoor time: Spending less time in natural light, especially in childhood. Treatment and Management Corrective Lenses: Eyeglasses or contact lenses with minus (–) power lenses. Refractive Surgery: LASIK, PRK, SMILE – re...
Read more

Important of colour check

  Why is it important to check colour vision? Checking colour vision is important for several reasons: 1. Early Detection of Vision Disorders It helps detect congenital colour blindness, especially in children. Can also reveal acquired conditions due to eye diseases (e.g., glaucoma, optic neuritis). 2. Career Requirement Certain professions require normal colour vision, such as: Pilots Electricians Military personnel Police officers Graphic designers Drivers Railway and maritime workers 3. Safety and Daily Functioning Correct colour recognition is vital for identifying traffic lights, warning signs, and colour-coded materials. Difficulty distinguishing colours can impact school performance, cooking, clothing choices, and reading charts or graphs. 4. Monitoring Disease Progression Colour vision testing helps track changes in patients with: Diabetic retinopathy Multiple sclerosis Macular degeneration Medication side effects (e.g., ethambutol) 5. Educational Guidance In children, dete...
Read more