Viral Conjunctivitis

 Viral Conjunctivitis


Definition:

Viral conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva (the thin membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids) caused by viral infection, most commonly adenoviruses.


Causes

  • Adenovirus (most common)

Other viruses: 

  • Herpes simplex virus, 
  • Varicella-zoster virus,
  •  Enterovirus


Mode of Transmission

Highly contagious


Spread via:

  • Direct contact with eye secretions

  • Contaminated hands, towels, cosmetics, or instruments

  • Respiratory droplets



Symptoms



  • Redness in one or both eyes

  • Watery discharge (not thick pus-like)

  • Foreign body sensation

  • Itching or burning

  • Eyelid swelling

  • Often associated with cold, sore throat, or fever


Signs

  • Diffuse conjunctival redness

  • Follicles on the conjunctiva

  • Watery or mucoid discharge

  • Preauricular lymph node enlargement (tender)

In severe adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis: corneal involvement → photophobia & blurred vision


Treatment

  • Usually self-limiting (resolves in 1–2 weeks)

Supportive care:

  • Lubricating eye drops

  • Cold compresses

  • Strict hand hygiene

Avoid: 

  • Sharing towels, touching/rubbing eyes


Herpetic cases → Antiviral eye ointment/drops (e.g., acyclovir)

No antibiotics unless secondary bacterial infection occurs


Complications

  • Keratitis (corneal inflammation)

  • Subepithelial corneal opacities (after adenoviral infection)

  • Chronic irritation

For further process click https://medorbis.ai

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